Want to play a game involving irregular verbs?
Irregular verbs are frequently used when we are speaking and are less common in
writing. The most famous English verb of all, the verb "to be", is
irregular. With regular verbs, the rule is simple. The past simple and past
participle end in -ed:
With irregular verbs, there is no rule. For example:
Sometimes the verb changes completely:
Sometimes there is "half" a change:
- bend, bent, bent
- speed, sped, sped
Sometimes there is no change:
Irregular verbs are an important feature of English. We use irregular verbs a lot when
speaking, less when writing.
Of course, the most famous English verb of all, the verb "to be", is
irregular.
With regular verbs, the rule is simple. The past simple and past participle end
in -ed:
Just as an example, here are a few regular verbs in
English.
With irregular verbs, there is no rule.
Sometimes the verb changes completely:
Sometimes there is "half" a change:
- beat, beaten, beaten
- buy, bought, bought
Sometimes there is no change:
verb |
past tense
|
present perfect/ past perfect |
arise |
arose |
arisen |
bear |
bore |
borne |
beat |
beat |
beaten |
become |
became |
become |
begin |
began |
begun |
bend |
bent |
bent |
bet |
bet |
bet |
|
betted |
|
bid |
bid |
bid |
bind |
bound |
bound |
bite |
bit |
bitten |
|
|
bit |
bleed |
bled |
bled |
blow |
blew |
blown |
break |
broke |
broken |
breed |
bred |
bred |
bring |
brought |
brought |
broadcast |
broadcast |
broadcast |
build |
built |
built |
burn |
burnt |
burnt |
|
burned |
burned |
burst |
burst |
burst |
buy |
bought |
bought |
cast |
cast |
cast |
catch |
caught |
caught |
choose |
chose |
chosen |
come |
came |
come |
cost |
cost |
cost |
creep |
crept |
crept |
cut |
cut |
cut |
deal |
dealt |
dealt |
dig |
dug |
dug |
dive |
dived |
dived |
|
dove (USA) |
|
do |
did |
done |
draw |
drew |
drawn |
dream |
dreamt |
dreamt |
|
dreamed |
dreamed |
drink |
drank |
drunk |
drive |
drove |
driven |
eat |
ate |
eaten |
fall |
fell |
fallen |
feed |
fed |
fed |
feel |
felt |
felt |
fight |
fought |
fought |
find |
found |
found |
flee |
fled |
fled |
fly |
flew |
flown |
forbid |
forbade |
forbidden |
forget |
forgot |
forgotten |
forgive |
forgave |
forgiven |
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
get |
got |
got |
|
|
gotten (USA) |
give |
gave |
given |
go |
went |
gone |
grind |
ground |
ground |
grow |
grew |
grown |
hang |
hung |
hung |
have |
had |
had |
hear |
heard |
heard |
hide |
hid |
hidden |
hit |
hit |
hit |
hold |
held |
held |
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
keep |
kept |
kept |
kneel |
knelt |
knelt |
know |
knew |
known |
lay |
laid |
laid |
lead |
led |
led |
lean |
leant |
lean |
|
leaned |
leaned |
leap |
leapt |
leapt |
|
leaped |
leaped |
learn |
learnt |
learnt |
|
learned |
learned |
leave |
left |
left |
lend |
lent |
lent |
let |
let |
let |
lie |
lay |
lain |
light |
lit |
lit |
|
lighted |
lighted |
lose |
lost |
lost |
make |
made |
made |
mean |
meant |
meant |
meet |
met |
met |
mow |
mowed |
mown |
|
|
mowed |
pay |
paid |
paid |
put |
put |
put |
read |
read |
read |
ride |
rode |
ridden |
ring |
rang |
rung |
rise |
rose |
risen |
run |
ran |
run |
say |
said |
said |
see |
saw |
seen |
seek |
sought |
sought |
sell |
sold |
sold |
send |
sent |
sent |
set |
set |
set |
sew |
sewed |
sewn |
|
|
sewed |
shake |
shook |
shaken |
shine |
shone |
shone |
shoot |
shot |
shot |
show |
showed |
shown |
|
|
showed |
shrink |
shrank |
shrunk |
|
shrunk |
|
shut |
shut |
shut |
sing |
sang |
sung |
sink |
sank |
sunk |
sit |
sat |
sat |
sleep |
slept |
slept |
slide |
slid |
slid |
smell |
smelt |
smelt |
|
smelled |
smelled |
sow |
sowed |
sown |
|
sowed |
sowed |
speak |
spoke |
spoken |
speed |
sped |
sped |
|
speeded |
speeded |
spell |
spelt |
spelt |
|
spelled |
spelled |
spend |
spent |
spent |
spill |
spilt |
spilt |
|
spilled |
spilled |
spin |
spun |
spun |
spit |
spat |
spat |
split |
split |
split |
spoil |
spoilt |
spoilt |
|
spoiled |
spoiled |
spread |
spread |
spread |
spring |
spring |
spring |
stand |
stood |
stood |
steal |
stole |
stolen |
stick |
stuck |
stuck |
sting |
stung |
stung |
stink |
stank |
stunk |
|
stunk |
|
stride |
strode |
stidden |
strike |
struck |
struck |
swear |
swore |
sworn |
sweep |
swept |
swept |
swim |
swam |
swum |
swing |
swung |
swung |
take |
took |
taken |
teach |
taught |
taught |
tear |
tore |
tore |
tell |
told |
told |
think |
thought |
thought |
throw |
threw |
thrown |
tread |
trod |
trodden |
understand |
understood |
understood |
wake |
woke |
woken |
|
waked |
waked |
wear |
wore |
worn |
weave |
wove |
woven |
|
weaved |
weaved |
weep |
wept |
wept |
win |
won |
won |
wind |
wound |
wound |
write |
wrote |
written |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following verbs are irregular when they
have a prefix: |
foretell |
foretold |
foretold |
overtake |
overtook |
overtaken |
withdraw |
withdrew |
withdrawn |
|